Polin v. Kaplan’s Empirical Analysis
1931
Citation profile
16 federal appellate · 2 district · 79 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 124 later decisions — most recently January 1992 · most notably 31 Cal. 2d 139 - DeMille v. American Federation of Radio Artists (1947), Hurwitz v. Directors Guild of America, Inc. (1966)
16 federal appellate · 2 district · 79 state decisions — followed in 11 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on In Re Haebler v. . N.Y. Produce Exchange · Otto v. Protective · Belton v. . Hatch · Wilcox v. Supreme Council of Royal Arcanum · People Ex Rel. Bartlett v. Medical Society of Erie
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 124 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The constitution and by-laws of an unincorporated association express the terms of a contract which define the privileges secured and the duties assumed by those who have become members.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Shea v. McCarthy
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.