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257 Wis. 439

State v. Treichler

Wisconsin Supreme Court

Decided June 30, 1950

Wisconsin Supreme Court · decided 1950-06-30

Cited by 4 later decisions — most recently May 1977

4 state decisions

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

““Wisconsin’s statute may be more sophisticated than Pennsylvania’s, but in terms of ultimate consequences this case and the Frick Case are one. It is quite unnecessary to know in either case what property is located within the taxing jurisdiction in order to compute the challenged exaction.””

quoted by 1 later decision, including Rigby v. Clayton

Relies on Curry v. McCanless · Frick v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania · Green v. Van Buskirk

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1950-06-30

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

¶1The following opinion was filed June 30, 1950:

¶2This is a motion for judgment on remand of the record from the United States supreme court. On November 7, 1949, that court decided that “Wisconsin’s emergency inheritance tax is invalid in so far as it is measured by tangible property outside Wisconsin.” Treichler v. Wisconsin (1949), 338 U. S. 251, 257, 70 Sup. Ct. 1, 94 L. Ed. 37.

¶3In that case the United States supreme court reversed a decision of this court (Estate of Miller (1948), 254 Wis. 24, 35 N. W. (2d) 404).

¶4When this case was before us originally, we concluded that since the federal government retained twenty per cent of the estate tax imposed by it and made only eighty per cent of such tax available to the state of Wisconsin, an additional *440tax based thereon was legaj. We arrived at this conclusion not because of any misconception of the law stated in Frick v. Pennsylvania (1925), 268 U. S. 473, 45 Sup. Ct. 603, 69 L. Ed. 1058, that any tax attempted to be levied by a state on property outside its borders is illegal, but because of the fact that eighty-seven per cent of the property of the Miller estate was within Wisconsin.

¶5The United States supreme court, however, ruled that the Wisconsin law and the Pennsylvania law were one.

¶6“It is quite unnecessary to know in either case what property is located within the taxing jurisdiction in order to compute the challenged exaction.”

¶7The court went on to say :

“But when a state reaches beyond its borders and fastens upon tangible property, it confers nothing in return for its exaction. Since the state of location has all but complete dominion over the physical objects sought to be measured for tax, see Green v. Van Buskirk, (U. S.) 7 Wall. 139, 150 (1869); Curry v. McCanless, 307 U. S. 357, 363 (1939), and cases cited, no other state can offer a quid pro quo

¶8The court then ordered the case remanded for proceedings not inconsistent with its opinion.

¶9Counsel for the taxpayer contends that the entire thirty per cent tax is invalid if sought to be applied to this estate or, put another way, that the $630,000 recaptured from the federal government constitutes a ceiling beyond which the state cannot go.

¶10We are of the opinion that the tax law must be construed, if possible, so as to be constitutional. As stated above, we sought in the former opinion to apply the law only to property in Wisconsin and thought that we had succeeded. It has now been pointed out that the basis there used was so broad as to include property having a situs in other states. Neither

¶11*441

¶12*442misapplication of a law, nor the fact that it can be misapplied, renders it unconstitutional.

¶13The legislature must have intended that the tax be computed only upon property having a situs within the state of Wisconsin.

¶14The tax authorities have now recomputed the tax upon a base of eighty-seven per cent of the amount recaptured from the federal government, which clearly does not permit of a claim that Wisconsin is attempting to tax property which lies outside this state. We are therefore of the opinion that the state is entitled to the entry of judgment against the estate for the amount shown by the new computation of the department of taxation,1 printed as a footnote, ante, p. 441, and that when so entered it will not be inconsistent with the mandate of the United States supreme court referred to above.

¶15By the Court. — Order reversed and cause remanded with instructions to enter an order determining the tax in accordance with the state’s amended computation.

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