Gayle v. Edwards’s Empirical Analysis
1954
Citation profile
12 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 12 later decisions — most recently May 2012
12 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Lindsay v. United States Savings & Loan Ass'n · Opinion of Justices · Leahart v. Deedmeyer
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 12 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“"But, when it is proposed by an act like the present to deal with existing contracts and liabilities, there should be in the title some expression of that intention,some indication that such is the intent,or the purposes of the constitutional requirement are not satisfied. The law-making body, and the community at large, recognize and repose with confidence upon the idea that prospective lawsthe future, and not the pastare the ordinary, usual field and scope of legislation. If there are no words in the title fairly, reasonably indicating that the act is retrospective,that it is exceptional,'surprise or fraud upon the legislature' cannot be prevented. Nor will the people be apprised, through such publication of legislative proceedings as is usually made, of the subjects of legislation that are being considered, affording them opportunity of being heard thereon, if they desire, by petition or otherwise. The usual publication of the subjects of legislative consideration, during the sitting of the general assembly, is an announcement of the titles of bills introduced, or memoranda of other matters, generally brief. It is to this publication the community at large look for information, and to the great body of the people it is the only accessible source of information. Let the title be read, and what words employed will indicate, fairly and reasonably construed, that retrospective legislation is embodied in the act,that it was intended to cure or heal the infirmities of the”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“retroactive feature of the act is not clearly expressed in the title, or even suggested,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.