265 Pa. Super. 535 - Commonwealth v. Howard’s Empirical Analysis
1979
Citation profile
35 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 35 later decisions — most recently March 2026 · most notably 345 Pa. Super. 10 - Commonwealth v. Barnhart (1985), 420 Pa. Super. 311 - Commonwealth v. Cottam (1992)
35 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Commonwealth v. Root · Appeal of Diane B. · Commonwealth v. Comber · Palmer v. State · 256 Pa. Super. 259 - Commonwealth v. Reynolds
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 35 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““A person is guilty of involuntary manslaughter when as a direct result of the doing of an unlawful act in a reckless or grossly negligent manner, or the doing of a lawful act in a reckless or grossly negligent manner, he causes the death of another person.” 18 Pa.C.S. § 2504.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“[I]t has never been the law of this Commonwealth that criminal responsibility must be confined to a sole or immediate cause of death____ Criminal responsibility is properly assessed against one whose conduct was a direct and substantial factor in producing the death even though other factors combined with that conduct to achieve the result.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“When a parent sees her helpless child being beaten and abused over a period of time, she is not permitted to sit back and wait until the child is in obvious need of medical attention before acting the duty is to prevent the harm.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.