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270 Ark. 671

State v. Block

Supreme Court of Arkansas

Decided October 13, 1980

Supreme Court of Arkansas · decided 1980-10-13

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“In the Payton case the court merely held that evidence is not admissible when it was obtained by an officer’s illegal entry into a person’s home without an arrest warrant. There was no limit that the charges should be dismissed. Quite the contrary, the court specifically stated in Footnote 34: “The issue is not whether a defendant must stand trial, because he must do so even if the arrest is illegal.””

quoted by 1 later decision, including Whitaker v. State

“It is unthinkable that a person who has committed murder, for example, should go scot free just because an officer enters his home without an invitation and arrests him without a warrant.”

quoted by 1 later decision, including State v. Holcomb

Relies on Payton v. New York · Gerstein v. Pugh · United States v. Crews

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1980-10-13

How this case has been cited

Cited by 25 later decisions — most recently December 2019 · most notably State v. Fleming (1986), State v. Edwards (1992)

25 state decisions

1101980199020002010decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

George Rose Smith, Justice.

¶1On January 3, 1980, a robbery occurred in Little Rock. That night the police arrested a suspect who made a statement implicating the appellee Charles E. Block. Two nights later an officer went to Block’s home, without an arrest warrant, and arrested him. Block was charged by information with aggravated robbery, criminal attempt to commit capital murder, and theft of property.

¶2The trial court, acting upon a pretrial motion to dismiss the charges, conducted a hearing on the validity of Block’s arrest. On conflicting testimony the court found the arrest illegal, because when Block’s mother opened the door in response to the officer’s knock, the officer entered the house without an invitation and arrested Block. The trial judge, relying solely upon the Supreme Court’s holding in Payton v. New York, decided last April, dismissed the charges on account of the illegal arrest. Payton v. New York, 100 S. Ct. 1371 (1980).

¶3The State took an appeal toi this court, under Rule 29(l)(k), on the erroneous assumption that this is an interlocutory appeal. Of course it is not, an order of dismissal being final. The State’s procedure, however, complies with Criminal Procedure Rule 36.10 (b) and (c), and we have retained jurisdiction because the case presents an issue of significant public interest or a legal principle of major importance. Rule 29(4)(b).

¶4The trial judge manifestly misinterpreted the Supreme Court’s holding in Payton. It is unthinkable that a person who has committed murder, for example, should go scot free just because an officer enters his home without an invitation and arrests him without a warrant. The law is just the opposite. United States v. Crews, 100 S. Ct. 1244 (1980); Gerstein v. Pugh, 420 U.S. 103 (1975); Singleton v. State, 256 Ark. 756, 510 S.W. 2d 283 (1974). In the Payton case the court merely held that evidence is not admissible when it was obtained by an ofcer’s illegal entry into a person’s home without an arrest warrant. There was no limit that the charges should be dismissed. Quite the contrary, the court specifically stated in Footnote 34: “The issue is not whether a defendant must stand trial, because he must do so even if the arrest is illegal.”

¶5The judgment is reversed, and Block not yet having been in jeopardy, the cause is remanded for trial.

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