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270 Ind. 377

385 N.E.2d 1143

State v. Crocker

Indiana Supreme Court

Decided February 27, 1979

Indiana Supreme Court · decided 1979-02-27

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“In [Crocker ], our supreme court dealt with the question of whether a defendant could petition for reduction of his sentence under a modification to the statute enacted after his sentencing. At the time of sentencing in Crocker, IND. CODE § 85-7-1-1 permitted the trial court to suspend the remainder of a sentence anytime within six months of the time sentence was imposed. Subsequently, the statute was amended to permit the court to reduce or suspend within the six month period. In sustaining the State's appeal, the court noted the old statute did not authorize the sentencing court to reduce the sentence as allowed by the new statute. The court found the general rule applicable, particularly because no retroactive provision was found in the new statute. We believe Crocker to be distinguishable from [the facts in Willis]. In Crocker, there was a substantive change because the new statute gave the sentencing court new powers, that is, the power to reduce as well as suspend the remainder of the sentence. No such substantive change is involved here. At the time of sentencing IND.CODE § 35-38-1-17(b) permitted the sentence ing court to modify a sentence, either by reduction or suspension, at any time within 180 days of sentencing. The amendment effective June 1, 1985, did not make any changes in the sentencing court's power over the sentence, but merely permitted, under certain cireum-stances, the sentencing court to consider sentence modification of the same kind more than 180 day”

quoted by 1 later decision, including Morris v. State

“new statute relied upon ... has no provision for retroactive application”

quoted by 1 later decision, including Morris v. State

Relies on Farmer v. State · Watford v. State · 173 Ind. App. 27 - Wolfe v. State

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1979-02-27

How this case has been cited

Cited by 11 later decisions — most recently June 2015

11 state decisions

6019791980199020002010decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

HUNTER, Justice.

¶1The defendants, Clarence Crocker and Willie Sims, were charged with several counts of unlawful dealing in marijuana, Ind.Code § 35-24.1-4.1-10 (Burns 1975), and unlawful dealing in a controlled schedule II substance, Ind.Code § 35-24.1-4.1-2 (Burns 1975). Pursuant to a plea bargain, Defendant Crocker pled not guilty to all but one count of unlawful dealing. He was sentenced to a determinate fifteen years in prison on June 27, 1977. The defendant, Sims, also pled not guilty to all counts except the lesser included offense of unlawful possession of an excess of thirty grams of marijuana. He was sentenced for a determinate period of ten years on June 27,1977.

¶2In December of 1977, the court modified both sentences by suspending seven years of Crocker’s sentence and eight years of Sims’s sentence pursuant to Ind.Code § 35-4.1-4-18 (Burns Supp.1978). The state objected to this modification of sentences and now appeals contending that it was error for the trial court to modify the sentences pursuant to the new criminal code since that code did not become effective until after the defendants were sentenced and it contains no provision for retroactive application.

¶3It is clear that the law in effect at the time defendants were sentenced permitted the trial court to suspend the remainder of a sentence anytime within six months after the sentence was imposed. Ind.Code § 35-7-1-1 (Burns 1975); Farmer v. State, (1971) 257 Ind. 511, 275 N.E.2d 783; Sutton v. State, (1963) 244 Ind. 368, 191 N.E.2d 104. However, the old statute did not authorize the sentencing court to reduce a sentence as the new statute allows.

¶4The trial court in the instant case first found that the new statute was ameliorative since it allows the court to reduce as well as suspend a sentence within six months of the date of the original sentence. The court further found that the ameliorative effect would apply to these defendants since the new statute went into effect within the six month period from their original sentences.

¶5While it is true that an amended statute with ameliorative provisions has been applied to a defendant when it became effective prior to his trial and sentencing, Maynard v. State, (1977) Ind.App., 367 N.E.2d 5; Wolfe v. State, (1977) Ind.App., 362 N.E.2d 188, these cases have never been expanded to cover a situation where the statute has become effective after the trial and sentencing have taken place. This Court has clearly held in recent cases that when a defendant has been sentenced prior to the effective date of a statute which contains ameliorative provisions, the defendant may not take advantage of the ameliorative effect absent specific provisions for retroactive application. Watford v. State, (1978) Ind., 384 N.E.2d 1030 (1979); Holsclaw v. State, (1978) Ind., 384 N.E.2d 1026 (1979). See also Fender v. Lash, (1973) 261 Ind. 373, 304 N.E.2d 209.

¶6The new statute relied upon in this case, Ind.Code § 35-4.1-4-18, has no provision for retroactive application. Therefore, since the defendants here were sentenced three months before the new code provision went into effect, the code provision which was in effect at the time of their sentencing must be applied. There was no authority under that provision for the court to suspend part of the defendants’ sentences. Therefore, the court’s modifications of these sentences were erroneous.

¶7For all the foregoing reasons, the trial court’s suspension of part of the defendants’ sentences must be vacated and the case is remanded with instructions to reinstate the defendants’ original sentences.

¶8Cause remanded with instructions.

GIVAN, C. J., and DeBRULER, PRENTICE and PIVARNIK, JJ., concur.
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