Gruzen v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1982
Citation profile
31 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 31 later decisions — most recently May 2025 · most notably Perry v. State (1982), Robinson v. State (2003)
31 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Wicks v. State · Gruzen v. State · Finch v. State · Parker v. State · Westbrook v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 31 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“If the witness is not testifying as an expert, his testimony in the form of opinions or inferences is limited to those opinions or inferences which are (1) Rationally based on the perception of the witness; and (2) Helpful to a clear understanding of his testimony or the determination of a fact in issue.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Smith v. Davis“both sides had rested, and appellant had known of the error for a day before he informed the trial judge and requested corrective action.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.