Heckman v. State’s Empirical Analysis
2003
Citation profile
14
cited by 14 later decisions
1
states following
March 2019
most recently cited
14 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Oregon v. Elstad · Hazelwood School District v. United States · Thomason v. State · Livingston v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 14 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Miranda protections adhere when an individual is (1) formally arrested or (2) restrained to the degree associated with a formal arrest. [Cits.] Where an accused is neither in custody nor so restrained as to equate to a formal arrest, any statements made to an investigating officer are made under noncustodial circumstances and Miranda warnings are not required.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Durham v. State · Henley v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.