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278 S.C. 544

298 S.E.2d 778

State v. Davis

Supreme Court of South Carolina

Decided January 3, 1983

Supreme Court of South Carolina · decided 1983-01-03

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“[T]he unlawful killing of a human being in sudden heat of passion upon sufficient legal provocation. Heat of passion alone will not suffice to reduce murder to voluntary manslaughter. Both heat of passion and sufficient legal provocation must be present at the time of the killing. The sudden heat of passion, upon sufficient legal provocation, which mitigates a felonious killing to manslaughter, while it need not dethrone reason entirely, or shut out knowledge and volition, must be such as would naturally disturb the sway of reason, and render the mind of an ordinary person incapable of cool reflection, and produce what, according to human experience, may be called an uncontrollable impulse to do violence.”

quoted by 1 later decision, including State v. Grubbs

Relies on State v. Linder · State v. Kahan · State v. Crocker

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1983-01-03

How this case has been cited

Cited by 16 later decisions — most recently April 2013

14 state decisions

901983199020002010decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

Per Curiam:

¶1 Appellant was indicted for murder and appeals from a conviction of voluntary manslaughter. His sentence was twenty-four years’ imprisonment. He appeals, contending that his conviction should be reversed because there was no evidence to support a jury instruction on, and a conviction of, voluntary manslaughter. We affirm.

¶2 Over appellant’s timely objection, the trial judge instructed voluntary manslaughter on the ground that appellant’s intoxication could have eliminated the element of malice from the killing. The instruction was given upon an erroneous ground. Voluntary intoxication does not impair a person’s ability to act with malice aforethought so as to reduce murder to voluntary manslaughter. State v. Crocker, 272 S. C. 344, 251 S. E. (2d) 764 (1979). However, the fact that the trial judge gave the wrong ground for his decision does not preclude affirmance upon a proper ground sustained by the record. State v. Goodstein, S. C. 292 S. E. (2d) 791 (1982); Supreme Court Rule 4, section 8.

¶3 Voluntary manslaughter is the unlawful killing of a human being in sudden heat of passion upon a sufficient legal provocation. State v. Linder, 276 S. C. 304, 278 *546 S. E. (2d) 335 (1981). It is proper to refuse to instruct voluntary manslaughter in a murder case only when there appears no evidence whatsoever tending to show manslaughter. State v. Kahan, 268 S. C. 240, 233 S. E. (2d) 293 (1977). Here, a witness testified that appellant and the victim had been “fighting.” From this circumstance of “provocation” and “heat of passion,” guilt of voluntary manslaughter could be fairly and logically deduced and was thus a proper matter for jury determination. Kahan; State v. Pauling, 264 S. C. 275, 214 S. E. (2d) 326 (1975). In like manner, where there is evidence tending to establish guilt on the charge, neither a refusal to direct a verdict of acquittal nor a refusal to grant a new trial is error. Pauling. The conviction is affirmed.

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