Violano v. Fernandez’s Empirical Analysis
2006
Citation profile
10 district · 100 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 114 later decisions — most recently August 2025 · most notably Grady v. Town of Somers (2009), Connecticut Coalition for Justice in Education Funding, Inc. v. Rell (2010)
10 district · 100 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Gordon v. Bridgeport Housing Authority · Rowe v. Godou · Maffucci v. Royal Park Ltd. Partnership · 32 Cal. 3d 197 - Davidson v. City of Westminster · Shore v. Town of Stonington
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 114 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Thus, [i]f facts provable in the complaint would support a cause of action, the motion to strike must be denied.... Moreover, we note that [w]hat is necessarily implied [in an allegation] need not be expressly alleged.... It is fundamental that in determining the sufficiency of a complaint challenged by a defendant’s motion to strike, all well-pleaded facts and those facts necessarily implied from the allegations are taken as admitted .... Indeed, pleadings must be construed broadly and realistically, rather than narrowly and technically. (Internal quotation marks omitted.)”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“applies [if] the circumstances make it apparent to the public officer that his or her failure to act would be likely to subject an identifiable person to imminent harm .... This exception has three elements: (1) an imminent harm; (2) an identifiable victim; and (3) a public official to whom it is apparent that his or her conduct is likely to subject that victim to that harm.... This exception is applicable only in the clearest cases.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“[d]iscretionary act immunity reflects a value judgment that-despite injury to a member of the public-the broader interest in having government officers and employees free to exercise judgment and discretion in their official functions, unhampered by fear of second-guessing and retaliatory lawsuits, outweighs the benefits to be had from imposing liability for that injury”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.