Smith v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
284 F.2d 789 · 1960
Citation profile
44 federal appellate · 2 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 58 later decisions (3 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2008 · most notably Chapman v. United States (1991), State v. Johnson (1964)
44 federal appellate · 2 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2114
Relies on United States v. Donovan · Gilmore v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 58 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““We agree that the aggravated form of robbery described in the latter part of § 2114 as putting ‘life in jeopardy by the use of a dangerous weapon’ means more than a ‘mere holdup by force or fear.’ It must be a holdup involving the use of a dangerous weapon actually so used during the robbery that the life of the person being robbed is placed in an objective state of danger.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“". . . it is entirely proper that Congress determine what constitutes the crime and its degrees and what punishment shall be meted out by a court after the judicial ascertainment of guilt. In the wisdom of Congress this may at times be a minimum-maximum fine or imprisonment, or both. In others, as here, it may be mandatorily fixed and specific." 284 F.2d 789, 791 . (Emphasis added).”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“One could hardly contend that the Legislative branch is confined to the mere defining of acts constituting crimes, or even their degrees as misdemeanors or felonies, leaving thereafter to the Judiciary the determination of the nature, kind and extent of the punishment. Subject only to fundamental constitutional protections akin to cruel and unusual punishment or concepts of due process ... it is entirely proper that the Legislature determine what constitutes the crime and its degrees and what punishment shall be meted out by a court after the judicial ascertainment of guilt. In the wisdom of the Legislature this may at times be a minimum-maximum fine or imprisonment, or both. In others, as here, it may be mandatorily fixed and specific.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.