284 Pa. Super. 623 - Commonwealth v. Hoetzel’s Empirical Analysis
1981
Citation profile
35 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 35 later decisions — most recently December 2023 · most notably Commonwealth v. Young (1993), 2011 Pa. Super. 201 - Commonwealth v. Koch (2011)
35 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Harriss · Calder et Wife, v. Bull et Wife. · Commonwealth Ex Rel. Washington v. Maroney · Frank v. Mangum · Commonwealth v. Davis
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 35 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) The law makes an act criminal which was not criminal when done; (2) The law aggravates a crime, or makes it greater than it was when done; (3) The law changes a punishment, and makes it greater than it was when the punishable act was committed; and (4) The law alters the rules of evidence and requires less or different testimony than the law required at the time the offense was committed, in order to convict.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.