Hardy v. Toler’s Empirical Analysis
1975
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 2 district · 214 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 298 later decisions — most recently November 2021 · most notably 85 N.C. App. 669 - Harris v. NCNB National Bank of North Carolina (1987), Marshall v. Miller (1981)
20 federal appellate · 2 district · 214 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 15 U.S.C. § 45 (§ 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914)
Relies on Federal Trade Commission v. Colgate-Palmolive Co. · Federal Trade Commission v. R. F. Keppel & Bro. Inc. · PMP Associates, Inc. v. Globe Newspaper Co. · Slaney v. Westwood Auto, Inc. · Commonwealth v. DeCotis
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 298 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[p]roof of fraud would necessarily constitute a violation of the provision against unfair and deceptive acts [N.C.G.S. Sec. 75-1.1 supra n. 1]....”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage“Unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in the conduct of any trade or commerce are hereby declared unlawful.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage“Ordinarily it would be for the jury to determine the facts, and based on the jury's finding, the court would then determine as a matter of law whether the defendant engaged in unfair or deceptive acts or practices in the conduct of trade or commerce.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.