Anthony v. International Paper Co.’s Empirical Analysis
289 F.2d 574 · 1961
Citation profile
31 federal appellate · 5 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 64 later decisions — most recently February 2018 · most notably Elaine Jones v. Griffith (1973), Chesapeake Bay Bridge & Tunnel District v. Lauritzen (1968)
31 federal appellate · 5 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on The Pennsylvania · The M/v 'Tungus' v. Skovgaard E · United New York & New Jersey Sandy Hook Pilots Ass'n v. Halecki · Hess v. United States · Goett v. Union Carbide Corp.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 64 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[W]e hold that the omission to perform this duty is so grave a default as to give rise to a strong inference that it contributed to the accident and to impose upon the vessel the heavy burden to show by clear and convincing evidence that it did not so contribute.”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“* * * [T]he question of the sufficiency of the lookout in any instance is one of fact to be realistically resolved under the attendant circumstances, bearing in mind that the performance of lookout duty is an inexorable requirement of prudent navigation”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[I]n numerous cases it has been held that a vessel in motion in a traveled area should have a lookout at the location on the vessel, usually in the bow, best suited to see and hear an approaching object and that the lookout should have not other duties, particularly such as those which devolve upon the pilot or others on the bridge. Examination of these decisions, however, reveals that these rules have been laid down with respect to vessels of considerable size whose navigators are usually occupied with the performance of various other exacting duties, and so it is generally held than an arbitrary rule cannot be applied to every case and that the question of the sufficiency of the lookout in any instance is one of facts to be realistically resolved under the attendant circumstances, bearing in mind that the performance of lookout duty is an inexorable requirement of prudent navigation.... [T]he size of the vessel and the opportunity of the navigator to have a full view of the sea should be taken into consideration in determining the need for a separate and independent lookout.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.