Keener v. State’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

3 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 3 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. ““Keener’s 1952 Pontiac was manufactured 20 years before automobiles were required to have two tail lamps, but a policeman stopped him. Keener got out of the car and came back toward the officer. He exhibited his driver’s license, which was in order. The officer checked by radio on the license tag and determined that the automobile was not stolen. Its inspection sticker was current. The officer testified that his ‘curiosity’ was ‘kind of aroused’ and he began to interrogate Smith, who was a passenger in the car. An ordinary brown grocery bag was under the seat and the officer inquired about it. Finally Smith grabbed the bag, threw it across the car to the floor board on the driver’s side, and told the officer, T guess I don’t have a name’ and fled. The bag contained marijuana. It was not suppressed. It should have been.” (Id.)”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Reeves

2. ““There are now many circumstances in which an officer who does not have probable cause to make an arrest is justified in detaining a citizen to determine whether a crime has been committed. It may well have been proper for the officer to stop this car, equipped with one tail light when the law required two. Most citizens would appreciate knowing that one light was out. We need not determine this question. Assuming that the police officer was then acting properly, he later went too far without legal cause.””

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Reeves