Gay v. Ruff’s Empirical Analysis
292 U.S. 25 · 1934
Citation profile
101 federal appellate · 60 district · 10 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 270 later decisions (30 by the Supreme Court) — most recently January 2018 · most notably United States v. Nixon (1974), Gully v. First Nat. Bank in Meridian (1936)
101 federal appellate · 60 district · 10 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedRuff v. Gay (from Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Engel v. Davenport · Tennessee v. Davis · Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railway Co. v. Willard · Maryland v. Soper · E. I. Du Pont De Nemours Powder Co. v. Masland
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 270 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(a) A civil action or criminal prosecution commenced in a State court against any of the following persons may be removed by them to the district court of the United States for the district and division embracing the place wherein it is pending: (1) Any officer of the United States or any agency thereof, or person acting under him, for any act under color of such office or on account of any right, title or authority claimed under any Act of Congress for the apprehension or punishment of criminals or the collection of the revenue.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““The question is whether the bare fact that the appointment of this receiver was by a Federal Court makes all actions against him cases arising under the Constitution or laws of the United States, notwithstanding [that] he was appointed under the general equity powers of courts of chancery, and not under any provision of that Constitution or those laws; and that his liability depended on general law, and his defense does not rest on any act of Congress. We are of opinion that this question must be answered in the negative.””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““Every receiver or manager of any property appointed by any court of the United States may be sued in respect of any act or transaction of his in carrying on the business connected with such property, without the previous leave of the court in which such receiver or manager was appointed; but such suit shall be subject to the general equity jurisdiction of the court in which such manager or receiver was appointed so far as the same may be necessary to the ends of justice.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Barber v. Powell
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.