Frye v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
293 F. 1013 · 1923
Citation profile
359 federal appellate · 83 district · 2,347 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 3,100 later decisions (11 by the Supreme Court) — most recently March 2026 · most notably Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1993), General Electric Co. v. Joiner (1997)
359 federal appellate · 83 district · 2,347 state decisions — followed in 50 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Cited together with Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · Kumho Tire Company, Ltd., et al. v. Patrick Carmichael, Etc., et al. · General Electric Co. v. Joiner · 17 Cal. 3d 24 - People v. Kelly · Strickland v. Washington
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 3,100 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“sufficiently established to have gained general acceptance in the particular field in which it belongs.”
20 later decisions quote this exact passage“Just when a scientific principle or discovery crosses the line between the experimental and demonstrable stages is difficult to define. Somewhere in this twilight zone the evidential force of the principle must be recognized, and while courts will go a long way in admitting expert testimony deduced from a well-recognized scientific principle or discovery, the thing from which the deduction is made must be sufficiently established to have gained general acceptance in the particular field in which it belongs.”
19 later decisions quote this exact passage“[w]hen the question involved does not lie within the range of common experience or common knowledge, but requires special experience or special knowledge ... the opinions of witnesses skilled in that particular science, art, or trade to which the question relates are admissible in evidence.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.