People v. Estes’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

15 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 15 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “told jurors not to begin their deliberations at 'not guilty' because, 'You're about [ten] miles from not guilty before you even start deliberating.' " Id. Such comments are improper because " [a] defendant retains the presumption of innocence throughout the trial process unless and until the jury returns a guilty verdict,”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. The People of the State of Colorado v. Robert Keith Ray.

2. “[tlo constitute plain error, prosecutorial misconduct must be flagrant or glaringly or tremendously improper, and must so undermine the fundamental fairness of the trial as to cast serious doubt on the reliability of the judgment of conviction.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. People v. Mendenhall