3 Cal. 3d 404 - In Re Johnson’s Empirical Analysis
1970
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 124 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 128 later decisions — most recently August 2022 · most notably 6 Cal. 3d 441 - People v. Beagle (1972), 36 Cal. 3d 539 - People v. Garcia (1984)
4 federal appellate · 124 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 26 U.S.C. § 4401 · 26 U.S.C. § 5841 (§ 201 of the Gun Control Act of 1968)
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Katz v. United States · Gideon v. Wainwright · Bruton v. United States · United States v. Wade
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 128 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(a) the purpose to be served by the new standards, (b) the extent of the reliance by law enforcement authorities on the old standards, and (c) the effect on the administration of justice of a retroactive application of the new standards.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage“[T]he more directly the [rule] serves to preclude the conviction of innocent persons, the more likely it is that the rule we be afforded retrospective application.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“the factors of reliance and burden on the administration of justice are of significant relevance only when the question of retroactivity is a close one after the purpose of the new rule is considered.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.