3 Va. App. 249 - Goodwin v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
1986
Citation profile
48 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 48 later decisions — most recently August 2014 · most notably 8 Va. App. 400 - Kauffmann v. Commonwealth (1989), 16 Va. App. 82 - Pugliese v. Commonwealth (1993)
48 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · Townsend v. Sain · Miller v. Fenton · Culombe v. Connecticut
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 48 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“In assessing the voluntariness of a confession on appeal, “we must [independently] determine whether, in light of the totality of the circumstances, including not only the details of the interrogation, but also the characteristics of the accused, the statement was the product of an essentially free and unconstrained choice by its maker, or whether the maker’s will was overcome and his capacity for self-determination critically impaired.””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.