Hill v. McKinley’s Empirical Analysis
311 F.3d 899 · 2002
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 4 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 41 later decisions — most recently April 2025 · most notably Kuha v. City of Minnetonka (2003), Roth v. Farner-Bocken Co. (2003)
21 federal appellate · 4 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 1988
Relies on Anderson v. Creighton · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Bell v. Wolfish · Hudson v. Palmer · Turner v. Safley
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 41 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“According to the Restatement, the standard for “intrusion upon seclusion” is an “intentional intrusion upon the solitude or seclusion of another which would be highly offensive to a reasonable person.” Id. (citing Restatement (Second) of Torts § 652B). The Iowa Supreme Court has not explained in any great detail the elements required to meet this standard. Other courts that have confronted “intrusion upon seclusion” cases have emphasized that the conduct must be highly offensive to a reasonable person. See Borse v. Piece Goods Shop, Inc., 963 F.2d 611, 622 (3rd Cir.1992) (applying Pennsylvania law and citing the Restatement); Fields v. Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Ry. Co., 985 F.Supp. 1308, 1312 (D.Kan.1997) (“both the manner of intrusion as well as the nature of the information acquired ... must rise to the level of being highly offensive to the reasonable person”), withdrawn in part, 5 F.Supp.2d 1160 (D.Kan.1998); Watkins v. United Parcel Service, Inc., 797 F.Supp. 1349, 1359-60 (S.D.Miss.1992) (Mississippi law requires conduct “to which a reasonable man would strongly object” and “some bad faith or utterly reckless prying”), aff'd, 979 F.2d 1535 (5th Cir.1992).”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“We cannot say that as a matter of law the defendants’ actions were not an unreasonable and highly offensive intrusion upon Hill’s privacy. There is no question that being marched down a hallway by several persons, including members of the opposite sex, and then being strapped face-down to a board in a spread-eagle position, all while completely naked, would be considered highly offensive by ordinary persons. There is sufficient evidence to support the jury’s apparent belief that the defendants did not need to restrain Hill naked in order to protect their safety and hers. Thus, we affirm the verdict as to the state law privacy claim.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“With respect to Hill’s first claim, [that she was required to disrobe in the presence of a male officer,] the parties dispute which guard required Hill to disrobe when she was placed in the padded cell.... The jury was entitled to credit Hill’s testimony that it was a male guard who required her to disrobe. Even if it was a male guard, however, we cannot say in light of precedent that it is a violation of a prisoner’s Fourth Amendment privacy rights for a male guard to require a loud and violent female prisoner to disrobe in his presence before placing her in a padded cell for her own safety. [Citations omitted.]”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.