United States v. Darby’s Empirical Analysis
312 U.S. 100 · 1941
Citation profile
978 federal appellate · 267 district · 219 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 2,621 later decisions (310 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2026 · most notably Griswold v. State of Connecticut (1965), Shapiro v. Thompson (1969)
978 federal appellate · 267 district · 219 state decisions — followed in 36 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority · M'Culloch v. State of Maryland · National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. · Gibbons v. Ogden · United States v. Carolene Products Co.
Cited together with Wickard v. Filburn · Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States · National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. · Perez v. United States · Maryland v. Wirtz
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 2,621 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”
35 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“competition ... injurious to the commerce”
28 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The power of Congress over interstate commerce is not confined to the regulation of commerce among the states. It extends to those activities intrastate which so affect interstate commerce or the exercise of the power of Congress over it as to make regulation of them appropriate means to the attainment of a legitimate end, the exercise of the granted power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce.”
18 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.