United States v. Roach’s Empirical Analysis
321 F.2d 1 · 1963
Citation profile
37 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 43 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 2012 · most notably United States v. Gaddis (1976), United States v. Addonizio (1971)
37 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Stirone v. United States · Heflin v. United States · Prince v. United States · Milanovich v. United States · Nelson v. County of Los Angeles
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 43 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(d) Whoever, in committing, or in attempting to commit, any offense defined in subsections (a) and (b) of this section, assaults any person, or puts in jeopardy the life of any person by the use of a dangerous weapon or device, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than twenty-five years, or both.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“THE GRAND JURY CHARGES: On or about the 26th day of May, 1978, in Chatham County, within the Southern District of Georgia, SAMUEL SHEPPARD MIDDLETON and ERROL RICARDO BIZZARD, whose other and further names are to the Grand Jury unknown, by force and violence and by intimidation, aided and abetted by each other, did take from the person and presence of Ernestine Bowens and Linda Faulkner Jackson about $10,160.53 in money belonging to and in the care, custody, control, management and possession of the Trust Company Bank of Savannah, 2505 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia, the deposits of which were then insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and SAMUEL SHEPPARD MIDDLETON and ERROL RICARDO BIZZARD, in committing the aforesaid offense, did put in jeopardy the life of the said Ernestine Bowens and Linda Faulkner Jackson by means and use of a dangerous weapon, that is, a pistol; said act done in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Section 2113(a), (d); and Title 18, United States Code, Section 2.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“Whoever assaults any person having lawful charge, control, or custody of any mail matter or of any money or other property of the United States, with intent to rob, steal, or purloin such mail matter, money, or other property of the United States, or robs any such person of mail matter, or of any money, or other property of the United States, shall, for the first offense, be imprisoned not more than ten years; and if in effecting or attempting to effect such robbery he wounds the person having custody of such mail, money, or other property of the United States, or puts his life in jeopardy by the use of a dangerous weapon, or for a subsequent offense, shall be imprisoned twenty-five years.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.