Boyd v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1990
Citation profile
68 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 70 later decisions — most recently August 2024 · most notably 93 Md. App. 168 - Fraidin v. Weitzman (1992), Jefferson-El v. State (1993)
68 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 455
Relies on Santobello v. New York · United States v. Grinnell Corp. · Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. · Morrison v. Olson · Federal Energy Regulatory Commission v. Martin Exploration Management Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 70 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]he test to be applied is an objective one which assumes that a reasonable person knows and understands all the relevant facts, [citations omitted.] We disagree with our dissenting colleague’s statement that recusal based on an appearance of impropriety ... ‘requires us to judge the situation from the viewpoint of the reasonable person, and not from a purely legalistic perspective.’ Like all legal issues, judges determine appearance of impropriety — not by considering what a straw poll of the only partly informed man-in-the-street would show — but by examining the record facts and the law, and then deciding whether a reasonable person knowing and understanding all relevant facts would recuse the judge.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage“(1) A judge should not participate in a proceeding in which the judge’s impartiality might reasonably be questioned, including but not limited to instances where: (a) the judge has a personal bias or prejudice concerning a party, or personal knowledge of disputed evidentiary facts concerning the proceeding!)]”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“[I]t has been said that “[a] judge is presumed to be impartial,” United States v. Sidener, 876 F.2d 1334, 1336 (7th Cir.1989); that “[a] judge is presumed not to confuse the evidence in one case with that in another,” Dove v. Peyton, 343 F.2d 210, 214 (4th Cir.1965); and, that “judges are men [and women] of discernment, learned and experienced in the law and capable of evaluating the materiality of evidence,” State v. Babb, 258 Md. 547, 550 [ 267 A.2d 190 ] (1970). As Blackstone put it, “the law will not suppose a possibility of bias or favour in a judge, who is already sworn to administer impartial justice, and whose authority greatly depends upon that presumption and idea.” 3 W. Blackstone, Commentaries of Laws of England 361 (1st ed. 1769). Thus, where an allegation of actual bias or prejudice is made, the burden is upon the defendant to make that showing from the record. Carey v. State, 43 Md.App. 246, 248-49 [ 405 A.2d 293 ] (1979).”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.