Apostoledes v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1991
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 66 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 71 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2022 · most notably Gray v. Maryland (1998), McMillian v. State (1992)
2 federal appellate · 66 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Blockburger v. United States · Ashe v. Swenson · Benton v. Maryland · Whalen v. United States · Grady v. Corbin
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 71 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A criminal conspiracy consists of the combination of two or more persons to accomplish some unlawful purpose, or to accomplish a lawful purpose by unlawful means. The essence of a criminal conspiracy is an unlawful agreement. The agreement need not be formal or spoken, provided there is a meeting of the minds reflecting a unity of purpose and design. In Maryland, the crime is complete when the unlawful agreement is reached, and no overt act in furtherance of the agreement need be shown.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage““Nowhere in its opinion did the Grady Court suggest that the Double Jeopardy Clause protects against multiple trials when one or more counts are left unresolved following an initial trial due to jury deadlock, the grant of a new trial, or reversal on appeal. Any doubt that the successive trial holding in Grady is ordinarily limited to instances where the State has failed to bring and join for trial all charges arising from a single episode is dispelled by the Court’s concluding remarks: ‘With adequate preparation and foresight, the State could have prosecuted Corbin for the offenses charged in the traffic tickets and the subsequent indict ment in a single proceeding, thereby avoiding this double jeopardy question.’ 495 U.S. [at] 524, 110 S.Ct. at 2095 , 109 L.Ed.2d at 566 . In the instant case, the State did precisely what was urged in Grady . Therefore, the double jeopardy question at issue in Grady has been avoided.” (emphasis supplied).”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“[i]t is well settled that aiding and abetting does not always require a conspiracy.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.