Okoro v. Callaghan’s Empirical Analysis
324 F.3d 488 · 2003
Citation profile
43 federal appellate · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 71 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently November 2025 · most notably Lee v. City of Chicago (2003), 43 Cal. 4th 885 - Yount v. City of Sacramento (2008)
43 federal appellate · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Edelman v. Jordan · Heck v. Humphrey · United States v. Nordic Village, Inc. · Edwards v. Balisok · United States v. Martinson
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 71 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[A] plaintiffs claim is Heck-barred despite its theoretical compatibility with his underlying conviction if specific factual allegations in the complaint are necessarily inconsistent with the validity of the conviction: ‘It is irrelevant that [the plaintiff] disclaims any intention of challenging his conviction; if he makes allegations that are inconsistent with the conviction’s having been valid, Heck kicks in and bars his civil suit.’”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“challenging the validity of the guilty verdict by denying that there were any drugs and arguing that he was framed.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Dixon v. Hodges · Wooten v. Law
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.