Walker-Serrano v. Leonard’s Empirical Analysis
325 F.3d 412 · 2003
Citation profile
15 federal appellate · 2 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 38 later decisions — most recently June 2024 · most notably Morgan v. Swanson (2011), J.S. v. Blue Mountain School District (2011)
15 federal appellate · 2 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District · Meyer v. State of Nebraska · West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette · New Jersey v. T. L. O. · Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 38 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[A]ny analysis of the students' rights to expression on the one hand, and of schools' need to control behavior and foster an environment conducive to learning on the other, must necessarily take into account the age and maturity of the student.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Absent punishment for expression, a significant pattern of concrete suppression, or some other form of clear suppression of the expression of elementary school students, a federal First Amendment action is not an appropriate forum for resolution of disputes over schools' control of third graders' conduct.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“[t]here can be little doubt that speech appropriate for eighteen-year-old high school students is not necessarily acceptable for seven-year-old grammar school students.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.