Johnson v. Crooks’s Empirical Analysis
326 F.3d 995 · 2003
Citation profile
18 federal appellate · 15 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 95 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently January 2021 · most notably Durruthy v. Pastor (2003), 139 S. Ct. 1715 - Nieves v. Bartlett (2019)
18 federal appellate · 15 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1367 · 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. · Celotex Corporation v. Catrett H · Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co. · Whren v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 95 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“must `identify affirmative evidence from which a jury could find that the plaintiff has carried his or her burden of proving the pertinent motive.'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]he Constitution prohibits selective enforcement of the law based on considerations such as race.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“When the claim is selective enforcement of the traffic laws or a racially-motivated arrest, the plaintiff must normally prove that similarly situated individuals were not stopped or arrested in order to show the requisite discriminatory effect and purpose.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.