Summer v. Carpenter’s Empirical Analysis
1997
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 116 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 118 later decisions — most recently May 2016 · most notably Fleming v. Rose (2002), Sauner v. Public Service Authority (2003)
2 federal appellate · 116 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Kiriakides v. United Artists Communications, Inc. · Noisette v. Ismail · City of Columbia v. American Civil Liberties Union of South Carolina, Inc. · Strange v. S.C. Department of Highways & Public Transportation · Strange v. DEPT. OF HWYS. & PUBLIC TRANSP.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 118 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(15) absence, condition or malfunction ... of any ... median barrier unless the absence, condition, or malfunction is not corrected by the governmental entity responsible for its maintenance within a reasonable time after actual or constructive notice.... Nothing in this item gives rise to liability arising from a failure of any governmental entity to initially place any of the above signs, signals, warning devices, guardrails, or median barriers when the failure is the result of a discretionary act of the governmental entity. ... Governmental entities are not liable for the design of highways and other public ways....”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Cothran v. Brown“[e]ven if the Highway Department was on notice the design of the intersection was dangerous, the Highway Department was immune from suit for negligent design.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.