Conte v. Gautam’s Empirical Analysis
33 F.3d 303 · 1994
Citation profile
11 federal appellate · 4 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 121 later decisions — most recently December 2018 · most notably In Re: Seymour Markowitz, Debtor. Seymour Markowitz v. Carolyn Campbell (1999), Hope v. Walker (1995)
11 federal appellate · 4 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 11 U.S.C. § 523
Relies on Tinker v. Colwell · Huntington v. City of New York · Cecchini Impulsora Del Territorio Sur Sa v. Cecchini Robustelli Impulsora Del Territorio Sur Sa · St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance v. Vaughn · Perkins v. Scharffe
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 121 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(6) for willful and malicious injury by the debtor to another entity or to the property of another entity.”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]ntent is not ... limited to consequences which are desired. If the actor knows that the consequences are certain, or substantially certain, to result from his act, and still goes forward, he is treated by the law as if he had in fact desired to produce the result. As the probability that the consequences will follow will decrease, and becomes less than substantial certainty, the actor’s conduct loses the character of intent and becomes mere recklessness.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“We hold that actions are willful and malicious within the meaning of § 523(a)(6) if they either have a purpose of producing injury or have a substantial certainty of producing injury.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.