¶1MEMORANDUM
¶2Ana Maria Interiano, a native and citizen of Guatemala, petitions pro se for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) decision affirming the Immigration Judge’s (“IJ”) order denying her applications for asylum and withholding of removal. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1252.
¶3Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s conclusion that petitioner did not qualify for asylum because petitioner failed to establish past persecution or a well founded fear of future persecution on account of her political opinion. See INS v. Elias-Zacarias, 502 U.S. 478, 482-84, 112 S.Ct. 812, 117 L.Ed.2d 38 (1992).
¶4Because petitioner did not satisfy the standard for asylum, she necessarily did not satisfy the more stringent standard for withholding of removal. See Fisher v. INS, 79 F.3d 955, 965 (9th Cir.1996) (en banc).
¶5Contrary to petitioner’s contention, the BIA did not abuse its discretion by adopting the IJ’s findings and reasoning. See Ramirez-Gonzalez v. INS, 695 F.2d 1208, 1212-13 (9th Cir.1983) (BIA may rely solely on an IJ’s decision that supplies the reasons required by INS regulations).
¶6PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.
¶7 This disposition is not appropriate for publication and may not be cited to or by the courts of this circuit except as may be provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
¶8. The permanent rules of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 apply to this case because removal proceedings were initiated against petitioner after April 1, 1997. See Kalaw v. INS, 133 F.3d 1147, 1150 (9th Cir.1997).