United States v. Schultz’s Empirical Analysis
333 F.3d 393 · 2003
Citation profile
23 federal appellate · 2 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 59 later decisions — most recently June 2025 · most notably United States v. Sabhnani (2010), United States v. Quattrone (2006)
23 federal appellate · 2 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 16 U.S.C. § 4224 · 18 U.S.C. § 1201 (International Parental Kidnapping Crime Act of 1993) · 18 U.S.C. § 2314 · 18 U.S.C. § 2315 · 18 U.S.C. § 3231 · 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 18 U.S.C. § 542 · 18 U.S.C. § 545
Relies on United States v. United States Gypsum Co. · Fay v. Noia · Old Chief v. United States · Darr v. Burford · Cheek v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 59 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“To establish plain error, a court must find 1) an error, 2) that is plain, 3) that affects substantial rights.... If an error meets these first three requirements, the Court engages in a fourth consideration: whether or not to exercise its discretion to correct the error. The plain error should be corrected only if it seriously affects the fairness, integrity, or public reputation of judicial proceedings.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“if you find that the defendant was aware of a high probability that a fact was so, and that the defendant acted with deliberate disregard of the facts, you may find that the defendant acted knowingly. However, if you find that the defendant actually believed that the fact was not so, then he may not have acted knowingly with respect to whatever charge you are considering.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“Our failure to address a question that is not necessary to the outcome of a cáse is simply a wise exercise of our discretion.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.