Lynette Ackel’s Empirical Analysis
Citation profile
6 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 76 later decisions — most recently April 2025 · most notably Russell v. University of Texas (2007), Allen v. McPhee (2007)
6 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc. · Meritor Savings Bank, FSB v. Vinson · Faragher v. City of Boca Raton · Monge v. California · Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 76 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“At the prima facie stage, “the standard for satisfying the causation element is ‘much less stringent’ than a ‘but for’ causation standard.” Nevertheless, the plaintiff must produce some evidence of a causal link between the protected activity and the adverse employment action- to establish a prima facie case of retaliation.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“an employer discriminates in favor of a paramour, such an action is not sex-based discrimination, as the favoritism, while unfair, disadvantages both sexes alike for reasons other than gender”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“Individuals are not liable under Title VII in either their individual or official capacities”). . In the alternative, Plaintiff argues that,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.