34 Cal. 4th 821 - People v. Combs’s Empirical Analysis
2004
Citation profile
143 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 149 later decisions — most recently July 2022 · most notably 39 Cal. 4th 970 - People v. Lewis (2006), 39 Cal. 4th 641 - People v. Ledesma (2006)
143 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Crawford v. Washington · Bruton v. United States · Ohio v. Roberts · Moran v. Burbine
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 149 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“`Evidence of prior criminal behavior is relevant under section 190.3, factor (b) if it shows "conduct that demonstrates the commission of an actual crime, specifically, the violation of a penal statute ( People v. Pensinger (1991) 52 Cal.3d 1210, 1259 , 278 Cal.Rptr. 640 , 805 P.2d 899 ; People v. Anderson (2001) 25 Cal.4th 543, 588 , 106 Cal.Rptr.2d 575 , 22 P.3d 347 [§ 190.3, factor (b) requires that conduct be `criminal in fact' in order to constitute valid penalty evidence].)”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“an intentional murder, committed under circumstances which include (1) a concealment of purpose, (2) a substantial period of watching and waiting for an opportune time to act, and (3) immediately thereafter, a surprise attack on an unsuspecting victim from a position of advantage.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“Malice is implied when: [¶] 1. The killing resulted from an intentional act; [¶] 2. The natural consequences of the act are dangerous to human life; and [¶] 3. The act was deliberately performed with knowledge of the danger to, and with conscious disregard for, human life.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.