Joshua v. Dewitt’s Empirical Analysis
341 F.3d 430 · 2003
Citation profile
19 federal appellate · 1 district · 9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 63 later decisions — most recently January 2025 · most notably United States v. Caruthers (2006), McFarland v. Yukins (2004)
19 federal appellate · 1 district · 9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Strickland v. Washington · Terry v. Ohio · Illinois v. Gates · Wong Sun v. United States · Williams v. Taylor
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 63 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“nervous, evasive behavior is a pertinent factor in determining reasonable suspicion.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Yet, appellate counsel need not raise every nonfrivolous argument on direct appeal. Jones v. Barnes, 463 U.S. 745, 751-52 , 103 S.Ct. 3308 , 77 L.Ed.2d 987 (1983). To be sure, “ ‘winnowing out weaker arguments on appeal and focusing on’ those more likely to prevail, far from being evidence of incompetence, is the hallmark of effective appellate advocacy.” Smith v. Murray, 477 U.S. 527, 536, 106 S.Ct. 2661 , 91 L.Ed.2d 434 (1986) (quoting Jones, 463 U.S. at 751-52 , 103 S.Ct. 3308 ). Appellate counsel, however, is required to exercise reasonable professional judgment. Jones, 463 U.S. at 753 , 103 S.Ct. 3308 .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“requires that an officer have ‘articulable reasons and a particularized and objective basis’ for assuming criminal activity is afoot. Absolute certainty is not required to justify a frisk; ‘the issue is whether a reasonably prudent man in the circumstances would be warranted in the belief that his safety or that of others was in danger.’”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.