Kawakita v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
1952
Citation profile
202 federal appellate · 17 district · 35 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 338 later decisions (21 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2026 · most notably Reid v. Covert (1957), Sale v. Haitian Centers Council, Inc. (1993)
202 federal appellate · 17 district · 35 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedTomoya Kawakita v. United States (from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2381 · 8 U.S.C. § 800 · 8 U.S.C. § 801
Relies on Blockburger v. United States · Hirabayashi v. United States · Libby, McNeill & Libby v. Alaska Industrial Board · Perkins v. Elg · Dipson Theatres, Inc. v. Buffalo Theatres, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 338 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“recognizes that a person may have and exercise rights of nationality in two countries and be subject to the responsibilities of both. The mere fact that he asserts the rights of one citizenship does not without more mean that he renounces the other. * * * [D]ual citizenship * * * could not exist if the assertion of rights or the assumption of liabilities of one were deemed inconsistent with the maintenance of the other.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“other alleged errors * * * are either insubstantial or * * * adequately disposed of by the Court of Appeals * * *.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“They showed conduct which actually promoted the cause of the enemy. They were acts which tended to strengthen the enemy and advance its interests. These acts in their setting would help make all the prisoners fearful, docile, and subservient.... These acts would tend to give the enemy the `heart and courage to go on with the war.' ... All of the overt acts tended to strengthen Japan's war efforts; all of them encouraged the enemy and advanced its interests.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.