United States v. Universal C. I. T. Credit Corp.’s Empirical Analysis
1952
Citation profile
710 federal appellate · 60 district · 306 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,511 later decisions (89 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 2024 · most notably Brown v. Ohio (1977), United States v. Bass (1971)
710 federal appellate · 60 district · 306 state decisions — followed in 32 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3731 · 29 U.S.C. § 206 (Equal Pay Act of 1963) · 29 U.S.C. § 215
Relies on Blockburger v. United States · United States v. Jin Fuey Moy · Boston Sand & Gravel Co. v. United States · United States v. Fisher
Cited together with Bell v. United States · Blockburger v. United States · Ladner v. United States · United States v. Bass · Rewis v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,511 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“when choice has to be made between two readings of what conduct Congress has made a crime, it is appropriate, before we choose the harsher alternative, to require that Congress should have spoken in language that is clear and definite.”
46 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[W]hether an aggregate of acts constitutes a single course of conduct and therefore a single offense, or more than one, may not be capable of ascertainment merely from the bare allegations of an information and may have to await the trial on the facts.”
13 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(g)eneralities about statutory construction help us little. They are not rules of law but merely axioms of experience. They do not solve the special difficulties in construing a particular statute. The variables render every problem of statutory construction unique.”
12 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.