Muhammad v. Pitcher’s Empirical Analysis
35 F.3d 1081 · 1994
Citation profile
15 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 26 later decisions — most recently July 2020 · most notably Kensu v. Haigh (1996), Amatel v. Reno (1998)
15 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. · Wolff v. McDonnell · Turner v. Safley · National Association for Advancement of Colored People v. Y Button · Pell v. Procunier
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 26 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“First, there must be a valid, rational connection between the prison regulation and the legitimate governmental interest put forward to justify it.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hanrahan v. Mohr“'effectively chills access to a governmental entity that is intimately related to the administration of justice,'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“the regulation is unconstitutional, and the other factors do not matter.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hanrahan v. Mohr
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.