Miller v. Field’s Empirical Analysis
35 F.3d 1088 · 1994
Citation profile
17 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 53 later decisions — most recently August 2020 · most notably Morales v. American Honda Motor Co. (1998), United States v. Darwich (2003)
17 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Tristani v. Eastern Air Lines, Inc. · Beech Aircraft Corp. v. Rainey · Watson v. United States · In re Disbarment of Sacco · Kokkonen v. Democratic National Committee Chairman
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 53 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[A statement of a third party] is plainly not admissible merely because contained in a police report. “It is well established that entries in a police report which result from the officer’s own observations and knowledge may be admitted but that statements made by third persons under no business duty to report may not.” (citation omitted) Such a result appears eminently reasonable in light of the stated justification for the Rule 803(8)(C) exception to the general prohibition on receipt of hearsay evidence. While a court may presume that a preparer of a report, under a duty to relate information, will perform the task required and formulate justified conclusions and reasonable opinions based on evidence actually observed by the preparer, no such presumption arises when the preparer relies on potentially untrustworthy hearsay evidence from another individual under no duty to provide unbiased information.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. State v. Marroquin · State v. Jhun“'based upon the knowledge or observations of the preparer of the report,' as opposed to a mere collection of statements from a witness.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(8) Public records and reports. Records, reports, statements, or data compilations, in any form, of public offices or agencies, setting forth (A) the activities of the office or agency, or (B) matters observed pursuant to duty imposed by law as to which matters there was a duty to report, excluding, however, in criminal cases matters observed by police officers and other law enforcement personnel, or (C) in civil actions and proceedings and against the Government in criminal cases, factual findings resulting from an investigation made pursuant to authority granted by law, unless the sources of information or other circumstances indicate lack of trustworthiness.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.