Chicago Board of Education v. Substance, Inc.’s Empirical Analysis
354 F.3d 624 · 2003
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 5 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 56 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 2021 · most notably Gaiman v. McFarlane (2004), NXIVM Corp. v. Ross Institute (2004)
20 federal appellate · 5 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
Relationships
Relies on Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. v. Nation Enterprises · Sony Corporation of America v. Universal City Studios Inc · Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc. · Schmidt v. Lessard · Grutter v. Bollinger
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 56 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The general standard ... is clear enough: the fair use copier must copy no more than is reasonably necessary (not strictly necessary — room must be allowed for judgment, and judges must not police criticism with a heavy hand) to enable him to pursue an aim that the law recognizes as proper, in this case, the aim of criticizing the copyrighted work effectively.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“up for review any interlocutory order that ha[d] not become moot.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[Defendant] insists that he had to copy six tests out of the 22 to 44 tests given in January of 1999 ... in order to drive his criticisms home. But he does not explain why, or indicate witnesses or documents that might support such an argument. Granted that he had to quote some of the test questions in order to substantiate his criticisms, why entire tests? Does he think all the questions in all six tests bad? He does not say. What purpose is served by quoting the good questions? Again, no answer.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.