356 Pa. Super. 299 - Commonwealth v. Gray’s Empirical Analysis
1986
Citation profile
40 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 40 later decisions — most recently October 2014 · most notably State v. Keihn (1989), 404 Pa. Super. 335 - Commonwealth v. Heckman (1991)
40 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Commonwealth v. Kane · 300 Pa. Super. 72 - Commonwealth v. Burkett · 319 Pa. Super. 398 - Commonwealth v. Gussey
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 40 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“First, the Bureau mailed a notice of suspension to appellant at his correct address. Secondly, appellant had surrendered his license to the Bureau on April 6, 1983, in response to a notice of suspension of his license mailed to him at his correct address. Since appellant received actual notice of his April 1983 suspension by mail, it is likely that a second notice of suspension mailed to the same address was also received. Finally, appellant did not have his driver’s license when he was stopped for a violation on December 3, 1983. This evidence indicates that appellant was aware that he was not allowed to drive. If appellant had no notice of a one-year suspension beginning on October 6, 1983, it is likely he would have sought the return of his license from the Bureau. Since appellant was driving without his license in December 1983, it indicates that appellant was aware of his legal inability to drive at that time. This additional evidence tending to prove appellant’s actual notice of his license suspension, along with the evidence that a notice of suspension was mailed to appellant at his correct address, indicates that appellant received notice of his license suspension.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“While the Commonwealth did not prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Mr. Deitz received actual notice through the mail, the Commonwealth did present sufficient additional evidence to prove beyond a reasonable doubt the receipt of actual notice. First and foremost, Mr. Dietz was involved in . an automobile wreck which prompted Trooper Foltz to file a criminal complaint against Deitz for violation of § 1503(a) and § 6503 of the Vehicle Code. Mr. Dietz fled the crash scene on foot, leaving behind a trail of blood which led right to his home. Initially, Deitz stated to investigators that his wife was driving the vehicle. When Officer Foltz confronted Deitz, Deitz admitted that he was the driver. By fleeing the crash site and by misleading the investigators, Mr. Deitz demonstrated that he knew he was not permitted to drive. Secondly, Deitz’s driving record shows three driving under suspension and convictions and one driving without a valid license conviction since his license restoration in May, 1987. Mr. Deitz is not able to reapply for his license until March 13, 1988. That Mr. Deitz believed he was allowed to drive after being convicted four times is incredible.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.