United States v. Freeman’s Empirical Analysis
358 F.2d 459 · 1966
Citation profile
56 federal appellate · 1 district · 13 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 78 later decisions — most recently June 1986 · most notably 8 Cal. 3d 77 - Theodor v. Superior Court (1972), United States v. Bozza (1966)
56 federal appellate · 1 district · 13 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Aguilar v. Texas · Brinegar v. United States · Jones v. United States · United States v. Ventresca · Johnson v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 78 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]he facts tending to establish the foregoing grounds for the issuance of a search warrant are as follows: The heroin was seen within the premises on this date by an informant of previous reliability. On March 11, 1963, and March 12, 1963, the occupant of the premises was observed in meeting with known addicts and the aforesaid informant saw him transfer narcotics to known addicts.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Unlike Aguilar , where the mere recitation that the unidentified informant was a “credible person” provided no basis on which to judge his reliability, in the present case “some of the underlying circumstances” from which [the Agent] concluded that the informant was credible, were given. The attestation to the informant’s “previous reliability” presents a “firmer foundation for belief than the ‘totally innocuous’ corroborating details sometimes cited as make weights.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[W]e consider the affidavit in this case to be sufficient to support the issuance of a search warrant, although the case would have been much clearer had the length of time Agent Benjamin had known and dealt with the informant, the number of times information had been received from the informant and a statement as to the accuracy of such information had been presented to the Commissioner.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.