United States v. Plotts’s Empirical Analysis
359 F.3d 247 · 2004
Citation profile
13 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 27 later decisions — most recently May 2025 · most notably United States v. Luepke (2007), United States v. Mornan (2005)
13 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2113 · 18 U.S.C. § 3583 · 18 U.S.C. § 3603 · 28 U.S.C. § 1291
Relies on United States v. Olano · United States v. Barbosa · United States v. Reyna · United States v. Barnes · United States v. Evans
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 27 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Under plain error review, we may grant relief if (1) the District Court committed an “error,” (2) it was “plain,” and (3) it affected “substantial rights” of the defendant. United States v. Olano, 507 U.S. 725 , 732, 113 S.Ct. 1770 , 123 L.Ed.2d 508 (1993). “A deviation from a legal rule is [an] ‘error.’ ” United States v. Russell, 134 F.3d 171 , 180 (3d Cir.1998) (citation omitted). It is “plain” when “ ‘clear’ or ‘obvious.’ ” Id. (citation omitted). In order for an error to affect “substantial rights,” it must have been “prejudicial”; in other words, “it must have affected the outcome of the district court proceedings.” Olano, 507 U.S. at 734 , 113 S.Ct. 1770 . If these requirements are satisfied, we should exercise our discretion to grant relief if the error “ ‘seriously affects the fairness, integrity or public reputation of judicial proceedings.’ ” Id. at 736 , 113 S.Ct. 1770 (citation omitted); see also Adams, 252 F.3d at 284-85 .”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“is not the sort of 'isolated' or 'abstract' error that we might determine does not impact the 'fairness, integrity or public reputation of judicial proceedings.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“ancient in origin, and it is the type of important safeguard that helps assure the fairness, and hence, legitimacy, of the sentencing process.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.