FEDERAu nEPORTER.

'1';

6. FRAunULENTCONVEYANOES-WIilAT CONSTiTUTES-CONSIDERATION. The grantee i,n a conveyance of real property by an insolvent debtor hav· ing paid at least three·fourths ,of its cash value therefor, b.y the redemption of dertain wheat-warehouse receipts of the grantor, concernmgwhich he was then liable toa criminal prosecutlOn,and the discharge of certain obligations on which he was held, that the cirGumstances do not warrant the conclusion that the conveyance was made or taken with intent to hinder, delay, 1 . or defraud creditors.
BA)!E.

A. conveyance by an insolvent debtor of a block of brick buildings for the alleged .consideration of the surrender of six notes ,of the grantor for the principal sum of $16,000, payable to the grantee, which notes are in fact without consideration. Held, that the conveyance was voluntary, and therefore fraudulent.as against the creditors of the grantor. l

(Syllaou8 oy the OQurt.)

Suit to Enforce Judgments., a. E.' S. Wood and George H. Williams, for plaintiff. Earl a. Bronaugh and L. Flinn, for defendants Crawfords and Pearce. J. K. Weatherford and Charles E. Wolverton, for defendants Goltra, Walden, Liles" Q.nd Baltimore. .
DEADY, J. This suit is brought by the plaintiff, a citizen of Illinois, against James A. Foster, John A. Crawford, William Crawford, and Ashby Pearce, citizens of Oregon. The plaintiff sues as the assignee and owner of two certain judgments against the defendant Foster, and to set aside, as fraudulent, three certain conveyances executed by Foster to John A. Crawford, William Crawford, and Ashby Pearce, respectively. William H. Goltra, E. Walden, John R. Baltimore, and J. S. Liles, citizens of Oregon, and judgment creditors of Foster, are also made parties defendant. ,It is alleged in the.bill that on and prior to February 6, 1884, Foster was indebted to Sibson, Church & Co. in the sum of $13,034.96, which claim was on July 15, 1885, assigned to Bibson, Quackenbush & Co., who on March 8, 1886, obtained judgment thereon for $14,066.72, in the circuit court of Linn county, Or., which judgment was then docketed therein, and on March 15th an execution issued thereon and was returned unsatisfied; that on June 11, 1886, Sibsan, Quackenbush & Co. sold and said judgment to the plaintiff, who now owns the same. That on March 8, 1886, Noon & 00. obtained a judgment in said circuit court against Foster, on a promissory note and account for goods, in the sum of $1.920.35, which judgment was then docketed therein, and on March 15th an execution issued thereon and was returned unsatisfied; and that on June 19th Noon & Co. sold and assigned said judgment to the plaintiff, who now owns the same. That when said debts were contracted, on which said judgments were obtained, Foster was the acknowledged owner of the following real prop-

lAs to what constitutes a fraudulent and what is sufficient proof of fraud to cause a conveyance to be set aside, see Stoddara v. Rowe, (Iowa,) 89 N, W, Rep. 84, and note; Satteriield v. Malone, 85 Fed. Rep. 445, and note; Bernard v. Myroleum Co., (Mass.) 17 N. E. Rep. 887, and note.

NEAL 11. FOSTER.

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eny, situ,ate in Albany, in said county and state: (1) The MagnQlia flour-mill and lot, including the race connecting the mill with the tiaql water-ditch; (2) block 55, except two lots; (3) lot 1 in block 11; (4) interest in the Albany water-works; (5) a parcel of land 74 feet py 100, with brick buildings thereon; and (6) part of lot 7 in block 4 with a brick store thereon; that on Februa.ry6, 1884, Foster conveyed all of said property except the fifth and sixth items to the defendant John A., Crawford, and on the same day conveyed the fifth item to the defendant William Crawford, and on February 7th conveyed the sixth item to the defendant Ashby Pearce; that each of said conveyances was witboutconsideration, and was made by the grantor, and accepted by the grantee, therein, with intent to hinder, delay, and defraud the creditors of Foster, and particularly the assignors of the plainti,ff, Sibson, Quackenbush '& ,Co., and Noon & Co.; that Foster is insolvent; that, the property sO conveyed was then worth $110,000, and was all the property Foster had, and he is still in the possession and enjoymentof the same. That subsequent to said conveyances the other defendants herein obtainedjudgments in said circuit court against Foster, as follows: Baltimore, March 10, 1884, for $1,652.92; Goltra, February 23, 1886, for $1,636.90; Liles, March 12, 1886, for $1,049.75; and Walden, February23, 1886, for $568.50. The praYer of the bill is that the conveyances be set aside as frauduand the property be sold to pay the claims of the plaintiff, and the defendants Baltimore, Goltra, Liles, and Walden, according to their respective priorities. .' The defendants Foster and ,the Crawfords, by their joint answer, admit the judgments against Foster, as stated in the bill, but deny that the plaintiff is the owner of any of them, and allege that the assignments thereof to him by Sibson, Quackenbush & Co. and Noon & Co. were made without consideration, and for the sole purpose of giving this court jurisdiction. They admit the execution of the conveyances to the Craw.. fords and Pearce, as stated in the bill, but deny that they are voluntary, or were made or accepted with intent to hinder, delay, or defraud creditors, and Qllege that at the date thereof Foster was short about 20,000 bushels of wheat, for which he had given receipts; and that Foster conveyed the one, two, three, four, and five of said property, and certain book-accounts, and grain-sacks, to the Crawfords, in consideration of John A. Crawford's taking up those receipts, and $64,000 to be paid hiJn by the surrender of certain notes and an account due from Foster to said John A., and certain other notes due from Foster to William Crawford, and the payment by John A. of certain notes of Fosterls, on which he was,surety; and that the conveyance to Pearce was made subject to Mrs. Foster's right of dower, in consideration of the payment by him of $4,000 as security for Foster. ·They that on, prior"and since February 6. 1884, Foster was and is a:nd avertllat the property conveyed is not worth more than $56,000.

FEDERAL REPORTER.

The defendants Baltimore, Liles, Walden, and Goltra answer the bill jointly, admitting the allegations thereof, and that they are severally tht. owners of the certain judgments obtained by them in 1886, in the circuit court of Linn county, Or., against Foster, as alleged in the bill; and also allege that Goltra is the owner of a judgment ob·· tained by him in said circuit court, on February 23, 1886, against said Foster, on twelve promissory notes and one account theretofore assigned to him, for the sum of $16,119.70, which judgments they allege are each II lien on the property of }I'oster in said county; and that the property conveyed to the Crawfords and Pearce was so conveyed with intent to hinder, delay, and defraud the creditors of Foster, including the defendants. . Afterwards the defendants Foster and the two Crawfords filed a crossbill, alleging therein that on February 10, 1886, Goltra commenced a suit in the circuit court aforesaid against the plaintiffs in the cross-bill to enforce the judgment for $16,119.70 theretofore obtained against Foster, as stated in his answer herein, against the property in question, on the ground that the conveyances thereof by Foster to the Crawfords and Pearce were invalid, because made with intent to hinder, delay, and defraud the creditors of the grantor, including Goltra and his assignors; that the defendants in said suit answered the complaint therein, denying the allegations of fraud, and alleging that said conveyances were made in good faith, and for an adequate consideration, to which answer there was a reply by GOlta; that the cause was heard on the issue thus i made,when the court, on July 9, 1886, found in favor of the defendants, and dismissed the suit; that Goltra took an appeal to the supreme court of the state, where, on Aprill1, 1887, said appeal was dismissed, whereby the judgment of said bircuit court remains in full force and effect, and Goltra is thereby estopped to say that said conveyances are invalid, for the reason . A demurrer to this cross-bill was overruled, and the same taken for eonfessed.34 Fed. Rep. 496.. And it is now admitted by counsel that Ooltrais estopped to say in this suit, in support of said judgment, that these conveyances are invalid, because made in fraud Of creditors. But counsel maintain that the judgment of Goltra, obtained on February 23d, for $1,637 .20, is not within the operation of said estoppel, beeause the judgment was not included in the suit out of which the estoppel arises. It is true that the decree in the former case between the parties to the cross-bill was given in a suit in which the right to enforce this particular judgment against this property was not involved. But the question on which such right depends was so involved. A question eontested and determined in one case is determined, so far Il.S the parties to the same are concerned, foralI time and all purposes.. It cannot be ground over again in another action. The question of the validity of Foster's conveyances to the Crawfords and Pearce, for the cause alleged, namely, that they were executed with intent to hinder, delay, and defraud creditors, was the principal and only contested question in the suit of Goltra against Foster and the Cra