360 Pa. Super. 270 - Commonwealth v. Kirkwood’s Empirical Analysis
1987
Citation profile
27 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 29 later decisions — most recently March 2019 · most notably 2001 Pa. Super. 194 - Commonwealth v. Marti (2001), 373 Pa. Super. 116 - Commonwealth v. Ogin (1988)
27 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on 327 Pa. Super. 175 - In the Interest of J.L. · In re Philip A. · 341 Pa. Super. 550 - Commonwealth v. Jorgenson · 333 Pa. Super. 312 - Commonwealth v. Adams · 349 Pa. Super. 303 - Commonwealth v. Rivera
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 29 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the assault section of the Crimes Code was intended to protect and preserve one's physical well-being and was not intended to prevent temporary hurts resulting from trivial contacts which are a customary part of modern day living.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. In Re MH · Commonwealth v. Tate“[W]hile she was dancing a fast dance with the other members of her party, she said, Kirkwood had approached her, had grabbed her by the arm and had begun to swing her violently around the dance floor. Sheasley said that she had pleaded with Kirkwood to stop because he was hmting her, but that he had continued to swing her until her husband intervened. The incident, she said, lasted approximately forty seconds and left her with bruises and cut marks on her arms. As a result, she testified, she suffered pain in her arms and her right knee for a short period of time thereafter.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“attach criminality to the pushing, shoving, slapping, elbowing, hair-pulling, perhaps even punching and kicking, that not infrequently occur between siblings or other members of the same family.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. In Re MH · Commonwealth v. Smith
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.