State v. Icard’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

42 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 42 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “An individual is seized by a police officer and is thus within the protection of the Fourth Amendment when the officer's conduct "would have communicated to a reasonable person that he was not at liberty to ignore the police presence and go about his business." ... Moreover, "an initially consensual encounter between a police officer and a citizen can be transformed into a seizure or detention within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment, if, in view of all of the circumstances surrounding the incident, a reasonable person would have believed that he was not free to leave" or otherwise terminate the encounter.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 241 N.C. App. 359 - State v. Leak

2. “the threatening presence of several officers, the display of a weapon by an officer, some physical touching of the person of the citizen, or the use of language or tone of voice indicating that compliance with the officer's request might be compelled.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 248 N.C. App. 787 - State v. Marrero

3. “Appellate courts are bound by the trial court's findings if there is some evidence to support them, and may not substitute their own judgment for that of the trial court even when there is evidence which could sustain findings to the contrary.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 242 N.C. App. 173 - State v. Ingram