366 Pa. Super. 575 - Commonwealth v. Roth’s Empirical Analysis
1987
Citation profile
26 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 33 later decisions — most recently February 2023 · most notably 394 Pa. Super. 90 - Commonwealth v. Williams (1990), 370 Pa. Super. 42 - Commonwealth v. Young (1988)
26 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Grayned v. City of Rockford · Chaplinsky v. State of New Hampshire · Grayned v. City of Rockford · Cox v. State of Louisiana · Shuttlesworth v. City of Birmingham
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 33 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The occurrences of that day were steeped in an emotionally charged atmosphere. Some members of the congregation who knew of the demonstrators’ plans refrained from attending services that day. Those who attended were frightened for their .safety, as well as for the welfare of the young and elderly members present. The fear was grounded partly on the literature concerning the demonstration. A certain amount of apprehension was caused by fear of a reoccurrence of a “skunk oil” attack which had been visited upon the Church during a prior Christmas celebration. Accompanying the -fear of many was the determination of others not to allow their services to' be disrupted. Ushers were stationed at each entrance of the church building to ensure the congregation’s safety. Some of these ushers expressed that they would not permit-any demonstrators to enter the building. Another. parishioner stationed himself at the top of the steps, leading to the Church nursery so that no one could disturb the children present there. ' It is apparent from our reading of the record that many of the Church members felt- that their Church was under siege while others were determined not to “let the battle be fought” inside their church. When Appellants proceeded'to disrupt' the Church services, albeit peacefully,' they in- reality engendered- a “hazardous” condition. Appellant’s conduct of moving towards the Church’s property certainly created a dangerous situation in which altercations between the demonst”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“In testing the sufficiency of the evidence, we must view the evidence in a light most favorable to the Commonwealth as the verdict winner and draw all reasonable inferences upon which the fact finder could have properly based its verdict. Commonwealth v. Easley, 341 Pa.Super. 381 , 491 A.2d 868, 869 (1985). A determination must be made as to whether there exists sufficient evidence to enable the trier of fact to find, beyond a reasonable doubt, every element of the crime for which the appellant has been convicted. Commonwealth v. Stehley, 350 Pa. Super. 311 , 504 A.2d 854 (1986).”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“(a) Offense defined.— A person is guilty of disorderly conduct if, with intent to cause public inconvenience, annoyance or alarm, or recklessly creating a risk thereof, he: (4) creates a hazardous or physically offensive condition by any act which serves no legitimate purpose of the actor.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.