United States v. Phillips’s Empirical Analysis
367 F.3d 846 · 2004
Citation profile
58 federal appellate · 5 district ·
Appellate journey
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3231 · 18 U.S.C. § 3742 · 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 42 U.S.C. § 6901 (Federal Facility Compliance Act of 1992) · 42 U.S.C. § 6928 · 42 U.S.C. § 7401 (Air Quality Act of 1967)
Relies on Landgraf v. USI Film Products · Koon v. United States · United States v. Gaudin · Dobbert v. Florida · Calder et Wife, v. Bull et Wife.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 80 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Under the rule of lenity, when a criminal statute is ambiguous, we interpret the statute in favor of the defendant. However, it applies only when there is grievous ambiguity or uncertainty in the statute and when, after seizing everything from which aid can be derived, we can make no more than a guess as to what Congress intended.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“This circuit has adopted a broad view of the restitution authorization [for investigation costs].”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“but if the order is within the statutory bounds, we review the amount for abuse of discretion.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.