Commonwealth v. Torres’s Empirical Analysis
1975
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 66 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 68 later decisions — most recently February 2015 · most notably Commonwealth v. Fitzgerald (1978), Commonwealth v. Botelho (1976)
2 federal appellate · 66 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Neil v. Biggers · Stovall v. Denno · Gilbert v. California · Johnson v. United States · New York v. Penn Central Transportation Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 68 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“"A pre-trial identification is regarded as having equal or greater testimonial value than one made in court because the circumstances of the earlier iden tification often were less suggestive and because that identification occurred closer to the time of the offense. "Even if the witness does not identify the defendant in his or her testimony at trial, any pre-trial identification of the defendant by that witness in constitutionally proper circumstances should be given probative value. See Clemons v. United States, 408 F. 2d 1230, 1242-1243 (D. C. Cir. 1968), cert. den. 394 U. S. 964 (1969); Wigmore, Evidence (Chadbourn rev.) § 1130 (1972). Although the probative value of any evidence of such identification is for the jury, that evidence, if believed, tends to prove that the defendant was the perpetrator of the crime. The trend of decisions is to permit such evidence to be introduced. See Gilbert v. California, 388 U. S. 263, 272, n. 3 (1967). We join in that view and do not understand the defendant to argue otherwise.” 367 Mass, at 739.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Tyler v. State · Bedford v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.