Swann v. L’s Empirical Analysis
Citation profile
How this case has been cited
Cited by 6 later decisions — most recently September 2001
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Goss v. Board of Education of City of Knoxville Tennessee · Bradley v. School Board of the City of Richmond · Bell v. School City of Gary, Indiana · Singleton v. Jackson Municipal Separate School District · Avery v. Wichita Falls Independent School District
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 6 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Whatever the Board may do in response to its own initiative or that of the community, we have held that there is no constitutional requirement that it act with a conscious purpose of achieving the maximum mixture of races in the school population.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.